Massachusetts -- Admission Date: January 6, 1788 Motto: By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty
Photography Book
Hannibal Hamlin (1809-1891)
William Fessenden (1806-1869)
In the US House before named Minister to Russia by President Polk.
House member and Gov of Connecticut before serving as Polk’s Attorney General, US Senator and becoming Buchanan’s most loyal cabinet member as Secretary of the Navy.
Son of JQ Adams, Harvard, studies law with Webster, historian, edits father’s papers, Whig, Free Soil VP nominee ’48, US House ’59-61 as Republican, Ambassador to UK ’61-66, prevents CSA recognition by Brits.
Politicians/Diplomats
Israel Washburn (1813-1883)
Roger Baldwin (1793-1863)
Lott Morrill (1813-1883)
George Bancroft (1800-1891)
One of 14 children, common schools, into law, temperance speaker, politics, Chairman – Maine Democrat Party, switch to Republican ’56, Gov of Maine ’58, opposes all concessions to South on slavery, US Senate ’61 (replacing Hamlin), for freeing all slaves in DC, then black suffrage, Sec of Treasury un Grant ’76-77, pro hard money.
Pro-Lincoln Republican Governor then Senator from Connecticut, famous for recruiting troops for the war.
Oldest of ten children, four become famous, early poverty, working on family farm, common schools, lawyer, state leg. then US House ’53-61 as Whig, outrage over Kansas-Nebraska Act violation of Missouri Compromise, attacks slavocracy and leads organization and naming of Republican Party, Gov ’61-63, rallies military supports war & Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln rewards with Collector’s job.
William Buckingham (1804-1875)
Isaac Toucey (1792-1869)
Grandson of founding father, Roger Sherman. After Yale he earns fame as a lawyer for successfully defending the Amistad slaves in 1841 up through the Supreme Court. Then Governor and US Senator (’47-51) as Whig before joining Republicans.
Sixth generation family, manages family farm, law then politics, state then US House ’43-47 as Dem, strong opponent of extending slavery, supports Wilmot Proviso, US Senate ’48-57, opposes 1850 Compromise and Kansas-Nebraska, dramatic shift from Dem Republicans in ’56 over KN, elected Guv, but resigns to return to Senate ’57-61, chosen to balance ticket with western Lincoln, VP ’61-65, urges Emancipation Proc and arming black soldiers, serves in army for one year while VP (doing duty), Radical posture vs. South, replaced by Andrew Johnson in ’64 for “reconstruction” oppy, given Collectorship post for loyalty, back to Senate ’69-81, Ambassador to Spain, retires ’82.
Charles F. Adams (1807-1886)
Merchant father, early feats of memory, lawyer in Boston, follows Garrison, Conscience Whig and abolitionist, vigilance Committee to protect run-aways, Free Soiler ’48, helps found Republican Party in Mass, organizes John Brown defense, senate clears his role in raid, elected Gov ’61-66.
Maine-- Admission Date: March 15, 1820 Motto: Dīrigō (Latin "I direct" or "I lead")
Father works in Boston Mfr. Co. textile mill, at 14 he becomes a “bobbin boy” at mill to help out family, self-educated, debate and acting, temperance lecture leads to political exposure, wins state leg, as Dem, adopts anti-slavery position and Free Soil movement, speaker of state house, embraces abolition, US House ’53-57, votes against Kansas-Nebraska Act, to Know-Nothings ’56, Speaker of House on 133rd ballot as a Republican, praised by Howell Cobb for fairness, Gov of MA ’56-61, Lincoln appointed as Major General in war, Stonewall Jackson drives him from Shenandoah ’61, Cedar Mountain loss, organizational jobs in DC and then replaces Butler in NO, further set-backs in Red River campaign ’64, Grant replaces him with Canby, post war 14 years back in US House, retires in ’91.
Successful manufacturer of shovels and other tools, helps found Republican Party, U.S. House from Mass 1863-73, main force behind completion of the Union Pacific portion of the transcontinental railroad, later censured by the House for his part in the 1872 Credit Mobilier financial scandal. Ames, Iowa
Roots go back to 1635, comes from a shipping family, studied law and journalism, served as editor of the Hartford Times ’36, then served as state governor as Jackson Democrat, backs Van Buren and switches with him ’48 when Dem split (Frees Soil/VB vs. PopSov/Cass), strong anti-slavery drives switch to Republicans ’54 and founds party organ (Hartford Evening Press), Lincoln names Sec of Navy ’61-69, rebuilds forces and executes Anaconda plan, nicknamed “Neptune.”
John A. Andrews (1818-1867)
Oakes Ames (1804-1873)
Famous father, Exeter, Harvard at 13, PhD Germany humanist, educational reformer, landmark History of US, elected to Mass house, but declines, loses bid for Gov in ’44 as Dem, anti-slavery but pro expansion, Polk names him Sec of Navy, founds Annapolis, diplomat in UK, friend of Lincoln.
Gideon Welles (1802-1878)
Connecticut -- Admission Date: January 9, 1978 Motto: He who is transplanted still sustains
Northeastern States
Fessenden’s father was a legislator and abolitionist in Mass, but not married to mother. He was raised by grandparents. Attended Bowdoin College, studied law, member of the Temperance Society, state legislature in ’32, served as US Congress ’41-43 as Whig. Reverted back to law practice and Maine legislature, strong anti-slavery position, opposition to Kansas-Neb. Bill takes him back to US Senate ’54-64, attacks pro-slavery Kansas constitution (Lecompton) and Dred Scott decision. Helps form Republican Party. Lincoln names Sec of Treasury ’64. As a financial expert he avoids hyperinflation threat. Breaks with Party in vote to acquit Andrew Johnson, true public servant.
Ralph Ingersoll (1789-1872)
Nathaniel Banks (1816-1894)